Choked again

As winter sets in, Delhi once again confronts an extreme pollution crisis that places public health and well-being at significant risk.

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The seasonal smog, dense with particulate matter like PM2.5, has turned the capital's air quality "hazardous" and driven pollution levels to some of the highest globally, although television anchors seem to find dubious comfort in the harsher conditions of Lahore. In Delhi, though, reduced visibility, grounded flights, and warnings to stay indoors reflect an emergency affecting millions, with potentially severe long-term health consequences.

This toxic air is partly a result of meteorological conditions specific to the season. As temperatures drop and wind speeds weaken, pollution particles are trapped closer to the ground. Combined with high humidity, these conditions create thick fog that exacerbates pollution levels. Yet, while nature plays a role, human activities lie at the heart of this crisis. Vehicle emissions, industrial discharge, and the seasonal burning of crop stubble are all significant contributors. Each winter, a haze forms over the city. This is a tragic and predictable pattern reflecting systemic issues in air quality management and enforcement.

Authorities have implemented temporary measures and banned some outdoor activities. However, these interventions remain reactive rather than preventive. Addressing the problem demands deeper, more effective solutions that target root causes. For example, stricter enforcement of emission standards for vehicles and industries, combined with accelerated efforts to promote cleaner public transportation, could help. Additionally, India must urgently address the annual practice of crop burning. Providing farmers with alternatives, such as subsidized machinery for crop residue management, could reduce emissions without imposing further financial strain on agricultural communities.