Uncontrolled diabetes, sedentary lifestyle can result in peripheral nerve damage

Peripheral nerve damage is more commonly seen in urban areas due to lifestyle-related diseases like diabetes, obesity, and poor physical activities, while in rural areas it is caused by delayed diagnosis, often attributed to lack of awareness and healthcare access,

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says Dr Parthasarathy B, consultant neurologist at Apollo Adlux Hospital, Angamaly, in an interview with Anna Jose. Edited excerpts:

What are the factors contributing to the development of peripheral nerve disease, and what roles does lifestyle play in it?

Peripheral nerves are the network of nerves located outside the brain and spinal cord (collectively known as the central nervous system). They connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body, including the skin, muscles, and internal organs. Peripheral neuropathy is a condition that occurs when peripheral nerves are damaged or dysfunctional. This damage can disrupt communication between the central nervous system and the body, leading to a variety of symptoms. A leading cause of peripheral neuropathy, especially in India, is poorly managed blood sugar levels, apart from vitamin deficiencies, particularly B vitamins like B12 and folate, which are essential for nerve health. Chronic alcohol use, toxic exposures, autoimmune disorders, trauma, and infections like HIV and leprosy also may lead to nerve damage. Lifestyle factors, including sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and poor diet, may also cause the condition.