Alcohol as a carcinogen

While drinking liquor has long been associated with health concerns like liver diseases & cardiovascular issues, mounting research also points to it being a carcinogen

- REWATI KARAN

ALCOHOL HAS LONG been associated with several health concerns, ranging from liver diseases to cardiovascular issues. But did you know that its consumption can also increase the risk of cancer?

While some believe moderate drinking has health benefits, mounting research rubbishes this claim, pointing to alcohol as a significant risk factor for several types of cancer. The World Health Organization (WHO) and leading oncologists worldwide have said that alcohol is a carcinogen, meaning it has the potential to cause cancer.

"Alcohol is a toxic, psychoactive, and dependence-producing substance and has been classified as a group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) decades ago. This is the highest risk group, which also includes asbestos, radiation and tobacco," notes WHO, adding, "When it comes to alcohol consumption, there is no safe amount."

Despite this classification, awareness about its carcinogenic properties remains low. Dr Tejinder Kataria, chairperson of radiation oncology & cancer centre at Medanta: The Medicity, emphasises the gravity of this: "Alcohol is placed in the highest risk category for causing cancer. This means that consuming alcohol can directly lead to the development of cancer." It's clear that alcohol is not just a lifestyle choice—it's a significant health risk.

Crucial connection The connection between alcohol and cancer is not based on mere speculation but on extensive research. "Alcohol is a major risk factor for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, liver, breast, and colorectum," says Dr Rajat Saha, senior consultant and unit head, medical oncology at Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), Delhi. "When alcohol is metabolised in the body, it turns into acetaldehyde, a toxic substance that damages DNA and proteins, leading to mutations and, ultimately, cancer."