Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): How to Create a Friendly Lifestyle

With the right approach, women can effectively manage PMS and maintain their overall health and well-being.

- B Ramesh

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a common condition that affects many women during their reproductive years. It encompasses a wide range of physical, emotional, and behavioural symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, typically after ovulation and before the start of menstruation.

Causes

The exact cause of PMS is not entirely understood, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development:

Hormonal Fluctuations: The levels of estrogen and progesterone fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle. These hormonal changes are thought to be the primary drivers of PMS symptoms.

Chemical Changes in the Brain: Neurotransmitters like serotonin, which regulate mood, may be influenced by hormonal changes. Lower levels of serotonin are associated with mood swings, depression, and irritability, common symptoms of PMS.

Genetic Factors: PMS may run in families, suggesting a genetic predisposition.

Lifestyle and Environmental Factors: Stress, lack of exercise, poor diet, and insufficient sleep can exacerbate PMS symptoms.

• Symptoms PMS symptoms vary widely among women and can range from mild to severe. They typically occur one to two weeks before menstruation and resolve once the period begins. Common symptoms include:

• Physical Symptoms:

• Bloating and weight gain

• Breast tenderness Headaches and migraines

• Fatigue l Muscle and joint pain

• Acne and skin changes

• Emotional and Behavioural Symptoms:

• Mood swings and irritability

• Anxiety and tension

• Depression and feelings of sadness

• Difficulty concentrating

• Changes in libido

• Sleep disturbances