India's Youth Bulge

With the world ageing fast, India's vast young population presents a rare opportunity for global leadership—if the nation can bridge the gap between potential and preparedness in time

- FR. JOHN FELIX RAJ & SOVIK MUKHERJEE

FR. JOHN FELIX RAJ IS THE VICE CHANCELLOR, SOVIK MUKHERJEE IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF ECONOMICS, BOTH AT ST. XAVIER'S UNIVERSITY, KOLKATA

As the world grapples with ageing populations and shrinking workforces, India stands out with its vast youth population. With over 371 million individuals in the 18-29 age bracket, nearly 27 per cent of the nation's population, India is poised to become a global hub for design, manufacturing, and innovation. By 2030, India is projected to have 1.04 billion working-age individuals, surpassing every other major economy.

This "youth bulge" has long been touted as a potential demographic dividend, promising accelerated economic growth fueled by a vibrant, young workforce. Yet, as this generation enters adulthood, a pressing question arises: Is India capitalising on this potential or sliding toward a demographic crisis?

Opportunities Abound

India's youthful demographic is a key asset in global competitiveness, driving urbanisation and sparking investment opportunities in infrastructure, smart cities, affordable housing, and transportation. A well-educated and employed working-age population can fuel innovation, consumption, and productivity, as seen in Japan and South Korea's rapid growth periods.

India's IT, services, and start-up sectors have already benefited from the country's dynamic young talent. With strategic investment in human capital, India can outpace global economic growth. Initiatives like "Make in India, Make for the World" and "Start-up India" further amplify this advantage, presenting opportunities in manufacturing and start-up ecosystems.