Twists and Turns in India-Bangladesh Relations

The relationship between India and Bangladesh has been characterized by significant shifts, marked by cooperation, tension, and reconciliation.

- TDG NETWORK

From the pivotal events of 1971 to the present day, the bilateral ties between these neighboring nations have evolved, influenced by political changes, economic considerations, and regional dynamics.

1971: The Liberation War The year 1971 was a turning point in the history of India-Bangladesh relations. India played a crucial role in supporting Bangladesh's struggle for independence from Pakistan. The Indian military intervened in the Bangladesh Liberation War, leading to the creation of Bangladesh as an independent nation. This intervention fostered a sense of camaraderie and gratitude in Bangladesh towards India. However, the post-independence period saw challenges in bilateral relations. The assassination of Bangladesh's founding leader, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, in 1975 led to political instability. The subsequent military regimes, particularly under General Ziaur Rahman and later General H.M. Ershad, were often seen as more aligned with Pakistan and China, leading to periods of tension with India.

1990s: A Thaw in Relations The early 1990s marked a shift in Bangladesh's political landscape with the return to democratic governance. The Awami League, led by Sheikh Hasina, came to power in 1996. This period saw a warming of relations with India. A significant achievement during this time was the signing of the Ganga Water Sharing Treaty in 1996, which addressed the long-standing issue of equitable distribution of the Ganges waters, benefiting both nations.

2000s: Challenges and Cooperation The 2000s were a mixed bag for India-Bangladesh relations. While there were efforts to enhance cooperation, issues such as border management, insurgent activities, and trade imbalances posed challenges. The Indian government's concerns over insurgent groups operating from Bangladeshi territory led to diplomatic strains.