Synergising circular economy and clean energy for sustainable transition

Transitioning to a circular economy is a vital strategy and even a survival necessity to address the challenges of climate change, resource depletion, and biodiversity loss.

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A circular economy represents a transformative approach to economic development that prioritises resource efficiency, waste minimisation, and environmental regeneration, unlike the traditional linear economic model, which relies on a “take, make, dispose” approach. Transitioning to a circular economy is a vital and necessary strategy for survival to meet the challenges of climate change, resource depletion, and biodiversity loss. This is especially true in developing countries like India, where growing public expectations and industrial expansion place immense pressure on natural resources.

Advanced economies are aiming to decarbonise by 2050 and India by 2070. The power sector will play a key role in this journey. Adopting the principles of a circular economy in renewable energy integration is crucial for sustainable growth. Traditional fossil-based power generation operating on the Rankine cycle achieves a low efficiency of 30-35 percent while significantly harming the environment. Fossil fuel extraction leads to landscape degradation and biodiversity loss, while mining activities and greenhouse gas emissions contribute to severe pollution. Additionally, the poor quality of coal, characterised by high ash content, results in contamination and complex disposal challenges. However, these environmental and operational issues also offer significant opportunities to implement circular economy principles, promoting sustainable practices and resource efficiency.

Application of circular economy in energy transition

The circular economy is based on three core principles, i.e., designing out waste and pollution by considering sustainability at the design stage, keeping materials in use through reuse and recycling to extend their life and value and regenerating natural ecosystems to achieve a net positive environmental impact.