Pellet Mandate Targets Smog, Stubble Burning in Punjab, Haryana

A new directive by the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) mandating the use of paddy straw-based biomass pellets in brick kilns could become a game-changer in tackling North India's winter smog crisis and ending the long-standing problem of stubble burning, experts say.

- NEERAJ MOHAN

As per the order, all brick kilns in Punjab and Haryana—both within and outside the National Capital Region (NCR)—must begin co-firing with paddy straw pellets. The policy will be implemented in phases: 20% pellet use by November 1, 2025, rising to 50% by 2028.

The idea of using pelletized paddy straw emerged from the Punjab State Pollution Control Board (PSPCB), under former chairman Adarsh Pal Vig. "Our research confirmed that up to 20% co-firing of paddy straw pellets in brick kilns is not only feasible but also cost-effective," Vig told The Sunday Guardian, calling it a "success story for Punjab."

Agricultural experts have welcomed the move, calling it one of the most practical and scalable alternatives to stubble burning. Some kiln owners have already begun setting up their own pellet plants. As of now, 22 pellet plants are operational in Punjab, with 20 more underway. Haryana, too, is setting up around 20 units to support the mandated transition.