WHY DIABETICS ARE MORE PRONE TO FRACTURES: THE SCIENCE EXPLAINED

Diabetes is known for affecting the eyes, kidneys, and heart — but one of its most underestimated impacts lies in our bones. Over the past few years, orthopedic specialists have begun observing a worrying trend: people with diabetes are more likely to experience fractures, even from minor falls or injuries. This silent connection between blood sugar levels and bone health deserves serious attention.

- DR. AKHILESH RATHI

Dr. Rathi, explains, “Many of my diabetic patients are surprised when they're told their bones are at risk. They often associate diabetes with nerves and blood vessels, but not bones. However, chronically high blood sugar can weaken bone quality, making them fragile from within.”

Bones may look static and solid, but they are living tissues that constantly renew themselves. Specialized cells — osteoblasts (which build bone) and osteoclasts (which break down bone) — work in harmony to maintain strength. In diabetes, especially when blood sugar remains uncontrolled, this delicate balance is disrupted.

High glucose levels interfere with the functioning of osteoblasts, slowing down new bone formation. At the same time, excess sugar attaches to collagen (the protein that gives bone its flexibility) in a process called glycation. This makes the bone more brittle, increasing the risk of microfractures even with small injuries or slips.