Transforming agricultural research

The plateauing of gains from Green Revolution necessitates the adoption of adaptive and market responsive strategies

- NAVEEN P SINGH

INDIA HAS EMERGED as a global leader in the production of paddy, wheat, and sugarcane, reflecting significant progress in its agricultural sector. However, disparities persist, particularly in resource-constrained regions where productivity in vital crops such as maize, soya bean, and cotton has either stagnated or declined. This underscores the urgent need for a systemic transformation of its agricultural research and extension system, pivotal for sustaining self-sufficiency, enhancing economic viability, and mitigating regional inequalities to leverage export potential.

The transition from a production-centric model to a demand-responsive agri-food ecosystem emphasizing sustainability, inclusivity, and innovation is imperative. This article delineates a reform-oriented roadmap to reinvigorate agricultural research for achieving the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision, by harnessing India's agricultural diversity and learning from international best practices.

Agriculture remains a cornerstone of India's economy, employing nearly half of the workforce and contributing 18% to the GDP. However, it is plagued by structural challenges, including fragmented landholdings, unsustainable resource use, and environmental degradation. With 85% of landowners classified as small holders, their contribution to agri-output remains disproportionately low at 20%, primarily due to constrained access to technology, finance, and knowledge systems.