The role of exports in the beef value chain

South Africa became a net exporter of beef in 2014, driven by surplus production that exceeded local consumption. Since then, exports have grown by more than 12 000 tonnes, reaching a record of over 39 000 tonnes in 2024.

- By Gerhard van der Burgh and Desmond Annandale, Bureau for Food and Agricultural Policy

As volumes expanded, both the composition of the export basket and the destination markets shifted notably. Between 2016 and 2018, bone-in beef accounted for a significant share of exports; between 2022 and 2024, boneless beef exports had grown substantially. Fresh/chilled boneless beef exports contributed just 26% of total beef exports in 2016 to 2018 but surged to 51% in 2022 to 2024, adding further value to the product.

Market diversification has also been strategic. The Middle East emerged as a key destination, with Jordan (15%), Kuwait (14%), and the UAE (13%) accounting for a large share of South Africa's beef exports during 2022 to 2024 (Figures 1 and 2).

These trends indicate a shift towards increasing volumes of higher-value boneless beef being exported to premium markets. Exporters are seeking to maximise the return on their carcasses by balancing sales between domestic and international channels. This strategy helps offset weak local demand while mitigating the effects of rising input costs and a depreciating rand.

For the red meat industry and its many stakeholders, significant opportunities remain in global markets but realising them demands investment and competitiveness. Success will depend on South Africa's ability to meet the stringent requirements of importing countries – particularly around animal health, traceability, quality, and sustainability.

These priorities must remain central to the red meat industry's long-term export strategy.

Margins restrict competitiveness