Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Understanding the Burning Sensation in Your Chest

- Dr. Chalapathy

Heartburn is a common condition that causes a burning feeling in the chest, usually after eating or when lying down. It happens when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach. This backward flow is called acid reflux. While occasional heartburn is common, frequent episodes can indicate a more serious condition called Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

Causes

Heartburn occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a ring of muscle at the bottom of your esophagus, does not close properly. This allows stomach acid to escape into the esophagus, causing irritation. Common causes include:

• Overeating - Eating large meals can put pressure on the LES.

• Certain foods and drinks - Spicy foods, citrus, tomato-based foods, chocolate, coffee, and alcohol can trigger heartburn.

• Obesity - Extra weight can increase pressure on the stomach, causing acid reflux.

• Pregnancy - Hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus can lead to heartburn.

• Smoking - Reduces the effectiveness of the LES.