Ngunis: low-cost, high-value production for South African farmers

This article details the resilience, adaptability, and economic value of Nguni cattle in South Africa, with insights shared by a Nguni farmer on their heritage, fertility, and farming benefits.

- Octavia Avesca Spandiel

Nguni cattle remain one of South Africa’s most resilient and productive indigenous breeds, valued for their adaptability and contribution to beef production in rural and commercial systems.

Their hardiness, low maintenance requirements, and ability to thrive under extensive conditions make them an important part of livestock production, especially in areas prone to drought and disease challenges. Speaking to Farmer’s Weekly, Nguni farmer Hannes Eksteen shared why this indigenous cattle breed remains one of the most sustainable options for local farmers. He says that beyond their cultural heritage, Nguni cattle offer economic advantages that make them an attractive choice in today’s challenging farming environment.

A BREED ROOTED IN HERITAGE

“Nguni cattle came down through Africa with the indigenous people that moved southwards, and the cattle were an integral part of their culture. The cattle featured greatly as part of their wealth status, marriage lobola, funeral ceremonies, and so on. It was and still is an inseparable part of their culture and lifestyle,” says Eksteen.

While heritage is important, Eksteen mentions that for producers, the real strength of the Nguni lies in its adaptability and cost efficiency.

DISTINCTIVE TRAITS AND ADAPTABILITY

One of the breed’s most striking features is its appearance. “The first thing you notice is the distinct colour patterns. Every Nguni animal is unique; no two looks alike,” says Eksteen.

However, it is their resilience that truly sets them apart. “They are adapted to most of the common diseases in Africa. Their resistance to disease and parasites makes them unique compared to the exotic breeds found in South Africa,” he adds.

Even under tough conditions, Nguni cattle continue to produce.