Technological innovations and circular economy accelerating energy transition

Floating solar installations like the one implemented by NTPC optimise water bodies for energy generation.

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The climate action plan under the Panchamrit strategy in India sets ambitious targets to achieve 50 per cent of its electricity demand from renewables by 2030, reduce carbon emissions by 45 per cent from 2005 levels and cut 1 billion tons of total emissions. The country aims to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030 and reach net-zero emissions by 2070. The government has introduced three key missions to meet these goals: the National Hydrogen Mission, the National Policy on Biofuels and the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (FAME) scheme. These initiatives drive India's energy transition, focusing on green hydrogen, bioenergy and sustainable electric mobility.

The National Hydrogen Mission is central to India's efforts to establish a robust green hydrogen ecosystem. With a target of producing 5 million metric tons of green hydrogen annually by 2030, the plan involves deploying 135 GW of renewable energy capacity to power electrolysers. Infrastructure development includes green hydrogen hubs at ports like Paradeep in Odisha and terminals in Kerala. India also envisions becoming a global exporter of green hydrogen and its derivatives, like green ammonia, which supports sustainable agriculture.