DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS

Living with HIV/AIDS presents a complex set of challenges, not only physically but also emotionally and psychologically.

- DR. JYOTI KAPOOR

While medical advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have improved life expectancy and quality of life for people living with HIV (PLWH), mental health issues like depression and anxiety remain prevalent, significantly impacting the lives of many individuals. These mental health conditions are often overlooked but play a crucial role in the overall health and well-being of people with HIV.

PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN HIV

Research consistently shows that individuals living with HIV experience higher rates of depression and anxiety compared to the general population. Studies estimate that up to 40% of individuals with HIV will experience depression at some point, and anxiety disorders are similarly common. The psychological burden of living with a chronic illness, coupled with the stigma associated with HIV, can lead to or exacerbate mental health issues. Several factors contribute to this heightened risk. Biologically, HIV can directly affect the brain, leading to neurocognitive issues that can mimic symptoms of depression and anxiety. Additionally, the medications used to treat HIV, while essential for controlling the virus, can sometimes contribute to mood disturbances such as fatigue, irritability, and sleep disturbances.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS