RAJ KAPOOR: THE ARCHITECT OF BHARAT'S CULTURAL DIPLOMACY THROUGH CINEMA

As India establishes itself as a significant global player, the prominence of its cultural influence—what Harvard political scientist Joseph Nye termed "soft power"—has reached unparalleled heights.

- JENNIFER PHILIP

Introduced in Nye's seminal 1990 article in Foreign Policy, soft power encapsulates a nation's capacity to attract and inspire through its culture, values, and foreign policies rather than coercion. India, with its diverse cultural heritage, including Sanatan Sanskriti (Yoga and Ayurveda) and its dynamic creative industries, has emerged as a paragon of soft power. Among its early and most influential exponents was the legendary filmmaker and actor Raj Kapoor, whose works transcended borders and ideologies long before cultural diplomacy became a recognized tool in international relations.

As we commemorate the 100th birth anniversary of Raj Kapoor, it is essential to examine his extraordinary contributions to India's global cultural standing. Kapoor's cinema was not merely an artistic endeavor but a vehicle for fostering cross-cultural understanding, projecting India's values, and establishing emotional connections worldwide. His legacy underscores the role of art in shaping perceptions and uniting diverse audiences under shared human experiences.

The Indian film industry, often synonymous with Bollywood, has historically served as one of the nation's most effective tools of soft power. With its universal themes of love, resilience, and familial bonds interwoven with rich cultural elements, Bollywood has garnered widespread global admiration. Through its narratives, Indian cinema offers a window into the country's traditions, values, and aspirations, crafting a positive and relatable image of India.

Raj Kapoor's contributions epitomized Bollywood's potential as a cultural ambassador. Films like Awara (1951) and