Factors guiding voter preference in Sri Lanka: European Union funded survey reveals

A research report titled 'Factors guiding voter preference in elections in Sri Lanka', commissioned by the National Peace Council under the European Union funded project 'Active citizens for elections and democracy’, was launched on 27 June in Colombo.

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The study conducted by Dr. Mahesh Senanayake and Crishni Silva of the University of Colombo offers valuable insights into the key drivers of voter behaviour within Sri Lanka’s dynamic political context. It examines how factors such as economic concerns, perceptions of leadership, trust in public institutions and prevailing social issues influence electoral decisions. The research showed that voters overwhelmingly prioritised candidates who would offer clear strategies to address the economic crisis, fight corruption and ensure good governance. 93% of respondents indicated they would vote based on a candidate's ability to resolve the economic crisis. 83% prioritised candidates committed to tackling corruption.

86% favoured candidates with strong educational backgrounds, signalling a preference for qualified, competent leaders over political dynasties.

The study also found a decline in the effectiveness of political patronage, with nearly 50 percent of voters rejecting transactional politics such as food aid distribution, government job promises and infrastructure projects for electoral gain. This indicates a shift towards issue-based and policy driven decision making.

Voters are also moving away from identity-based politics, with factors such as ethnicity, religion and age — once dominant in elections — now less influential. A significant percentage of voters focused instead on leadership qualities, governance policies and economic strategies.

The launch event brought together a diverse group of participants, including academics, policymakers, political actors, project partners, and media personnel.