Integrating Climate Diplomacy into India's Broader Climate Agenda

India’s climate diplomacy has evolved into a cornerstone of its foreign policy, reflecting the nation’s growing influence in global environmental governance.

- Vaishali Basu Sharma

As the world grapples with an intensifying climate crisis, India stands at a pivotal juncture, balancing its rapid economic ascent with the imperative to mitigate emissions and foster sustainable development. This dual challenge has propelled India into the spotlight as a key actor in shaping climate solutions that are equitable, inclusive, and scalable.

India’s climate commitments are among the most robust globally, anchored in its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. The country’s pledge to achieve net zero emissions by 2070, announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at COP26, underscores its long-term vision for decarbonisation. This ambition is not merely aspirational; it is embedded in a broader framework of domestic and international policy initiatives that seek to align growth with sustainability. Central to India’s stance in climate negotiations is its unwavering support for the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, which recognises the historical inequities in emissions and the developmental needs of the Global South. India’s approach challenges the traditional COP-centric mitigation regime and calls for a more nuanced, multilateral engagement that respects the diversity of national circumstances.