From Ashoka to Accord: 2000-Year Arc of Diplomacy

Two nations, one epic bond—shaped by Buddha, battered by bullets, and now building a new era of cooperation

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India and Sri Lanka share a multifaceted relationship that spans over two millennia, characterized by deep-rooted cultural, religious, and economic ties. This enduring connection has evolved through various phases, influenced by historical events, colonial legacies, and contemporary geopolitical dynamics. The cultural and religious bonds between India and Sri Lanka date back to ancient times. In the 3rd century BCE, Emperor Ashoka of India sent his children, Arhat Mahinda and Theri Sangamitta, to Sri Lanka to propagate Buddhism. This mission led to the establishment of Buddhism as a major religion in Sri Lanka, fostering a shared spiritual heritage that continues to influence the island nation's culture and traditions.

Additionally, the ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana, narrates the story of Lord Rama constructing a bridge, known as Rama Setu or Adam's Bridge, from India to Sri Lanka to rescue his wife Sita from the demon king Ravana. This mythological connection underscores the deep historical ties and shared narratives between the two nations.

Colonial Era The colonial period saw both India and Sri Lanka under British rule, albeit with distinct administrative structures. India gained independence in 1947, followed by Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) in 1948. Post-independence, both nations sought to establish their identities and navigate the complexities of nation-building. The shared experience of colonialism and the subsequent quest for sovereignty further cemented their bilateral relations.

Post-Independence In the years following independence, India and Sri Lanka entered into several agreements to address mutual concerns and strengthen bilateral ties:

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