INDIA'S TRYST WITH COMBAT DRONES

With indigenous initiatives like the DRDO's Archer and HAL'S CATS Warrior, alongside procurements of MQ-9B Sea/Sky Guardians, India is positioning itself as a significant player in unmanned warfare, reshaping its military doctrine for the future

- By AIR MARSHAL ANIL KHOSLA (RETD)

THE CONCEPT OF UNMANNED FLIGHT DATES BACK TO WORLD

War I, but drones became a viable military asset not until the late 20th century.

The US military's use of the Predator drone during the 1990s and early 2000s marked a significant turning point. Armed variants of the Predator demonstrated the feasibility of unmanned precision strikes, ushering in a new era of aerial warfare. Since then, countries such as China, Russia, Turkey, and Iran have rapidly developed their combat drone capabilities. Technological advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), sensor miniaturisation, and autonomous navigation have expanded combat drones' capabilities. Modern drones can operate autonomously, engage in complex swarm tactics, and integrate with network-centric warfare systems.

India's journey with combat drones has evolved from reliance on imports to an ambitious push for indigenous development. Initially dependent on Israeli UAVs for surveillance and reconnaissance, India has steadily expanded its drone capabilities, integrating armed drones into its military strategy. The emergence of global drone warfare, exemplified by conflicts has accelerated India's efforts to develop and deploy its combat UAVs.

DRONE WARFARE

Combat drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), have rapidly transformed modern military operations. They offer a range of significant advantages that enhance strategic effectiveness and operational efficiency. These advantages are critical for established military powers and smaller nations looking to improve their defence capabilities.

Cost-Effectiveness: One of the most prominent advantages of combat drones is their cost-effectiveness. In contrast to manned aircraft, combat drones are more affordable to produce, operate, and maintain.