Tunel 90 Seconds Through History

While many think of buildings when they think of architecture, architecture goes beyond—and at times underground. Tünel, an underground funicular that connects Karaköy to Istiklal Caddesi in a 90-second ride, boasts a unique history that links neighborhoods and cultures, from past to present. Today, the cars have a capacity of 170 and the system transports about 12,000 passengers per day.

- Minji Lee

The 19th century was a bustling time for then-Constantinople. Businessmen and diplomats frequented Beyoglu, oftentimes working in the financial center of Galata and socializing in the lively areas around modern-day Taksim Square. Though the commute between these two neighborhoods was a short distance, Yüksekkaldirim Caddesi, which translates to “High Sidewalk Road,” and its sloped, narrow footpaths made it difficult for pedestrians to walk from one area to another.

In 1867, French engineer Eugène-Henri Gavand was inspired to make the area easier to access for pedestrians. He proposed the construction of Tünel funicular, a daring architectural feat for the times. His idea focused on practicality and the design would change the way locals, foreigners, and tourists visited the areas for decades to come. Sultan Abdulaziz approved Gavand’s funicular and the project that would propel the neighborhood upward began.

Tünel was modelled after the