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Beijing’s blueprint: Pakistan as the test case for Africa

The Sunday Guardian

|

October 12, 2025

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was less about trade than about territory.

Beijing’s blueprint: Pakistan as the test case for Africa

A similar pattern unfolded in Sri Lanka, where mounting debt led Colombo to hand over Hambantota Port to a Chinese state-owned operator in a 99-year lease. What was marketed as infrastructure cooperation became shorthand for strategic dependency.

The lesson was unmistakable: direct control triggered backlash. Beijing's response has been adaptation, not retreat.

FROM BASES TO PROXIES: THE CONTINUITY OF COERCION

Rather than repeat the Djibouti and Hambantota models, China now seeks the same outcomes—access, influence, and sea-lane security—through intermediaries that already orbit within its strategic ecosystem. These partners, bonded through defence cooperation, technology transfers, and diplomatic alignment, help advance Chinese objectives while maintaining plausible deniability.

Pakistan is the most important of these proxies. It sits at the core of Beijing's flagship BRI project, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which links western China to the Arabian Sea through Gwadar. Over the past decade, China has equipped the Pakistan Navy with some of its most advanced warships, including four Type 054A/P multi-role frigates, and is building eight Hangor-

Xi Jinping.

class submarines based on Chinese designs. The stated purpose is to enhance Pakistan’s capacity to protect sea lines of communication. The unspoken benefit is Beijing’s extended reach—through a loyal fleet flying a different flag.

PAKISTAN AS BEIJING'S MARITIME FORCE MULTIPLIER

FLERE HISTORIER FRA The Sunday Guardian

The Sunday Guardian

The Sunday Guardian

Weaponised restraint: How China exploited border agreements while India upheld the rules

Over six decades of friction, Indian Army has remained a professional, disciplined, and constitutionally accountable force, whereas the PLA functions primarily as the armed wing of the CCP.

time to read

3 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

The Sunday Guardian

'GST REFORMS SPARK FESTIVE SALES SURGE'

Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal, and Electronics & IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw on Saturday hailed the recent GST rate rationalisation as a major driver of economic momentum during this year’s festive season.

time to read

2 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

The Sunday Guardian

WHY AI SHOULD BE A FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION IN UNIVERSITY COURSES

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the world at an unprecedented speed, faster than any other technological revolution.

time to read

4 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

FAA ALLOWS BOEING TO INCREASE 737 MAX PRODUCTION

The Federal Aviation Administration said Friday it will allow Boeing to produce more 737 Max airplanes by increasing the monthly limit that it imposed after a door plug blew off an Alaska Airlines jet that the company built.

time to read

2 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

NDA PICKS UP PACE IN BIHAR AS MAHAGATHBANDHAN FALTERS

Sources within both the RJD and the Congress said that the negotiations over seat distribution turned sharply confrontational once the talks entered their final phase.

time to read

5 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

MHA orders judicial inquiry into Leh law and order incident

The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) on Friday ordered a judicial inquiry into the law and order incident that occurred in Leh town on September 24, which led to police action and the unfortunate death of four individuals.

time to read

1 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

The Sunday Guardian

Making our land a beacon of spirituality

Question that a Sanatani faces is, ‘God is everywhere and omnipresent. Then why does one need a temple to demarcate Godhead?’

time to read

5 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

YOUNG DESIGNERS REDEFINE CRAFT AND SUSTAINABILITY AT FDCI LAKME FASHION WEEK

Emerging designers showcased innovation, heritage, and sustainability at FDCI Lakme Fashion Week 2025.

time to read

4 mins

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

A NEW MEDIA ADVISOR AT RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN

Dr Manisha Varrna, a 1995 batch Indian Information Service (IIS) officer took charge at the beginning of this month.

time to read

1 min

October 19, 2025

The Sunday Guardian

The Sunday Guardian

INDIA WILL BE FREE FROM MAOIST TERROR SOON: PM

PM Modi says Maoist insurgency nearly eradicated, vows complete freedom.

time to read

2 mins

October 19, 2025

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