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What is bird flu, and why Brazil's first case on a commercial farm is worrying

The Straits Times

|

May 18, 2025

Brazil, the world's largest chicken exporter, on May 16 reported its first case of highly pathogenic avian influenza — also known as bird flu — on a commercial farm, triggering fears over global poultry supply chains.

SAO PAULO -

The disease has spread around the globe in the past years, leading to hundreds of millions of poultry being culled. It has also been reported in dairy cows, cats and humans.

WHAT IS BIRD FLU?

Bird flu is a viral disease spread mainly by birds that can also affect mammals, including humans.

The disease, of which there are many strains, is highly contagious between birds.

The May 16 case is the first time an outbreak has been reported on a commercial farm in Brazil.

The South American country accounts for 35 per cent of the global chicken trade, shipping US$10 billion (S$13 billion) worth of the poultry in 2024.

Brazil sends chicken to some 150 countries around the world, with China and Japan among its top customers.

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