How other major cities manage traffic challenges

For instance, prior to the policy's implementation, the boroughs most against it were also the areas with the poorest public transport links.

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Dr Banks notes that building the political will to implement the policy is difficult.

"It is also technology-dependent, needing licence plate readers and transponders to work properly. These can be somewhat expensive to maintain and will of course fail in power outages," he adds.

"Poor folks are forced to apply for a reduction in the toll for their own vehicle, and they might see higher prices if they take a cab or a ride-hailing service. Though, studies have shown that those regularly driving in the congestion relief zone are very well off.

"The congestion pricing system also has a carve-out for those with disabilities who have a hard time using the public transport system that is poorly outfitted to serve them."

Despite the measure's unpopularity, New York's decision to implement congestion pricing is unsurprising. Out of all US urban areas measured by TomTom's traffic index in 2024, New York had the worst congestion.

Drivers spend an average of 31 minutes to travel 10km in the city centre, and lose 98 hours a year to rush hour traffic, according to TomTom's data.

The city has a long history of attempting to introduce some form of congestion pricing, dating back to the early 20th century, which was also when the US started promoting car ownership.

For many Americans, car ownership is synonymous with freedom and success — translating to around 74 per cent of them owning or leasing a car today.

"There is a symbiotic relationship between the lack of transit, bike and pedestrian infrastructure, and views that anything other than car travel is not 'realistic'" says Dr Banks.

Since congestion pricing's implementation, a Siena College poll found that 42 per cent of New York City residents want it to stay, while 35 per cent are in favour of President Trump's attempts to quash it.

Dr Banks notes that this represents a 10 per cent jump in approval since it was implemented.