How India's Operation Abhyaas Mirrors Cold War-Era Civil Defence Drills, Signaling a Shift in Preparedness Strategy

In May 2025, South Asia witnessed a significant escalation in India-Pakistan tensions, culminating in a bilateral ceasefire agreement on May 10.

- TDG NETWORK

In May 2025, South Asia witnessed a significant escalation in India-Pakistan tensions, culminating in a bilateral ceasefire agreement on May 10. Preceding this, India conducted Operation Abhyaas, its largest-ever civil defence drill, across 244 districts. This article examines these events, drawing parallels to Cold War-era strategies, and analyzes their implications for regional stability and civil preparedness.

The India-Pakistan relationship has been characterized by periodic escalations and attempts at diplomacy. The events of May 2025, marked by military confrontations and large-scale civil defence exercises, underscore the persistent volatility in the region. This study delves into the causes, developments, and ramifications of these events, situating them within a broader historical and strategic context.

On April 22, 2025, a terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, resulted in the deaths of 26 civilians. India attributed the attack to Pakistan-based militant groups, leading to heightened tensions and a series of retaliatory measures.

OPERATION ABHYAAS: CIVIL DEFENCE MOBILIZATION

In response to the escalating threat, India launched Operation Abhyaas on May 7, 2025. This nationwide civil defence drill, coordinated by the Ministry of Home Affairs, spanned 244 districts. Activities included air raid siren tests, blackout simulations, evacuation drills, and public training sessions. Notably: