THE THYROID DEFICIENCY, EXCESS AND SWELLING PROBLEMS

The thyroid gland produces the thyroxine hormone that regulates metabolism (energy release and levels), and acts like a vehicle's accelerator.

- DR P.S. VENKATESH RAO

The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped, hormone-producing (endocrine) gland in the front of the neck, wrapped around the breathing tube (Trachea), in between vital structures like the Jugular and Carotid vessels, swallowing tube (Esophagus), the voice box (Larynx) and its nerves, and the calcium-controlling parathyroid glands. Swelling of the thyroid is called goitre. Thyroid disorders or diseases can affect anyone at any age and are so common that May 25th is observed as World Thyroid Day to raise awareness about thyroid diseases and the importance of early detection and treatment.

This day coincides with the anniversary of the European Thyroid Association, which initially spearheaded public education about the importance of thyroid health and the impact of thyroid diseases. Women are 5 to 8 times more likely than men to experience thyroid disorders. One in eight women develops a thyroid disorder, especially hypothyroidism, due to autoimmune thyroiditis. Thyroid diseases may be diet-related (deficiency of Iodine, excess of Iodine blockers) or genetic. Thyroid function and body weight are closely related, each influencing the other.