THE SACRED RHYTHM OF TIME

Understanding the Significance of the Twelve Full Moon Poya Days in Buddhism

- By: Amaya Perera

In Buddhism, time is not merely a way of measuring days and months. It is a sacred rhythm, marked by moments of reflection, remembrance and spiritual renewal. Among the most important markers of this rhythm are the full moon days, known as Poya days. Observed with deep reverence, particularly in Sri Lanka and Theravada Buddhist traditions, the twelve full moon Poya days of the lunar year commemorate key events in the life of the Buddha as well as significant moments in Buddhist history and practice. Together, they form a spiritual calendar that guides devotees through a year of ethical living, mindfulness and devotion.

Poya days are based on the lunar calendar, with each full moon holding religious significance. On these days, Buddhists traditionally observe Sil, refrain from harmful actions, engage in meditation, listen to sermons and visit temples. Alcohol and meat sales are restricted in Sri Lanka, reinforcing the idea of moral restraint and reflection. While modern life has changed how some people observe Poya, the deeper spiritual meaning of these days remains central to Buddhist identity and practice.

The first Poya of the year is Duruthu Poya, which usually falls in January. This day commemorates the Buddha's first visit to Sri Lanka, believed to have taken place nine months after his enlightenment. According to tradition, the Buddha travelled to Mahiyanganaya to prevent a conflict between the Yakkha tribes and to bring peace to the island. Duruthu Poya symbolises the introduction of the Buddha's message of non violence, compassion and harmony to Sri Lanka, and it marks the beginning of the island's spiritual connection to Buddhism.