SRI LANKA'S POWER AND EDUCATION REFORMS: A TALE OF CONTRASTING OUTCOMES

Sri Lanka's path to modernization reveals a startling dichotomy.

- Sudarshana Gunawardana

While power sector reforms surged ahead through the unbundling of the CEB, education reforms remain trapped in a cycle of delays and bureaucratic friction. This analysis by Sudarshana Gunawardana explores how the National People's Power (NPP) government's contrasting approach-combining technical expertise with resolute political "champions" in energy, versus diffuse leadership in education-defines the success or failure of national restructuring.Sri Lanka stands at a critical juncture in its development trajectory, pursuing essential structural reforms across key sectors to address longstanding inefficiencies, attract investment, and align with global standards. Two flagship initiatives under the National People's Power (NPP) government-the unbundling of the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) in the power sector and comprehensive education reforms-illustrate both the potential and the pitfalls of such endeavors. Both reforms, supported by international institutions like the World Bank (WB) and Asian Development Bank (ADB), were inherited and adapted from prior administrations. Yet, while the power sector has achieved meaningful progress in its initial phase, education reforms have encountered repeated delays and stakeholder resistance. This contrast underscores a vital lesson: successful reform demands resolute political determination, pragmatic leadership, and a dedicated champion capable of navigating complex interests.

Power Sector Reforms: Progress Through Political Determination and Pragmatic Leadership