THE WAQF (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2025

Reforms, Reactions, and Ramifications

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The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, officially enacted on April 5, 2025, marks a significant overhaul of the Waqf Act, 1995. Introduced by Minority Affairs Minister Kiren Rijiju, the legislation aims to enhance transparency, inclusivity, and efficiency in the management of Waqf properties across India. While proponents laud the reforms for addressing longstanding issues, critics argue that certain provisions may infringe upon the religious autonomy of the Muslim community.

Waqf refers to a permanent dedication of property by a Muslim for religious, pious, or charitable purposes. In India, Waqf properties encompass mosques, graveyards, educational institutions, and other charitable establishments. The Waqf Act of 1995 established the Central Waqf Council and State Waqf Boards to oversee these properties. However, challenges such as mismanagement, encroachments, and lack of transparency have persisted, necessitating reforms.

Domestic and International Reactions

1. Renaming the Act: The legislation renames the Waqf Act, 1995, as the Unified Waqf Management, Empowerment, Efficiency, and Development Act, 1995 (UWMEED Act), reflecting its broader objectives.

2. Inclusion of Non-Muslims: For the first time, non-Muslim members are permitted to be part of the Central Waqf Council and State Waqf Boards, aiming to promote inclusivity and diverse perspectives in Waqf management.

3. Gender Representation: The Act mandates the inclusion of at least two Muslim women in the Central Waqf Council and State Waqf Boards, promoting gender equality in decision-making processes.

4. Sectarian Inclusivity: Provisions ensure representation from various Muslim sects, including Shia, Sunni, Bohra, and Agakhani communities, fostering a more inclusive governance structure