Charging Electric Vehicles

South Africa's transition to vehicle electrification is well underway, albeit more slowly than in many other parts of the world. Sales of conventional or self-charging hybrids have recently increased exponentially as this technology has become available on products in high-volume segments. Volume growth of battery electric vehicles has been slower but steady - no doubt owing to their higher pricing - but there is also some buyer hesitancy as a result of their shorter driving range and concerns regarding access to public charging.

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EV CHARGING SPECIFICATIONS

Before addressing these questions, it is important to briefly consider the specification and charging capabilities of EVS available in SA. EV batteries are Lithiumion and are typically 400V, although Porsche uses 800V in the Taycan. This configuration is more expensive because of its sophisticated battery temperature control system. However, its ability to handle faster charging means its popularity is growing.

Battery capacity is measured in kWh and typical net capacities range from 30 kWh for compact hatchbacks, to 65-85 kWh for mid to large sedans and SUVs, and over 100 kWh for luxury-, high-performance- or extended range variants. Vehicle energy consumption is measured in kWh/100 km and typically ranges between 18 and 22 kWh/100 km, depending on driving style and conditions.

Owing to the high cost and weight of EV batteries, vehicle manufacturers aim to achieve the best compromise between cost, weight and range for each type of vehicle and its intended usage. As a result, practical driving ranges vary between 150 km for compact vehicles intended mainly for commuting and short trips, through a more typical 350-450 km, with some extended-range variants and luxury vehicles achieving 500 km or more.