AN EXAMINATION OF THE TRUE SCOPE OF SECULARISM

The recent escalation of communal tensions in several regions of India necessitates a thorough analysis of the concept and essence of "Secularism" as intended by the architects of the Indian Constitution.

- DR MAINAN RAY

The Constitution openly references secularism, particularly through its inclusion in the Preamble via the 42nd Amendment; yet, issues remain over whether the current interpretation and implementation of secularism genuinely reflect its constitutional foundations.

Though the term Secularism, while not explicitly defined in the Indian Constitution, typically denotes the separation of religion from state matters. It is a system that prohibits religion influence in governmental affairs and vice versa.

A secular state is neither religious nor irreligious; rather it upholds neutrality, guaranteeing equal protection and treatment for all religions.

CONTRAST OF WESTERN SECULARISM AND INDIAN SECULARISM

Western secularism and Indian secularism seemed to contradict each other.

The Western worldview, founded by Thomas Jefferson's "wall of separation between Church and State," emphasizes religious organizations' complete separation from government.

This strategy protects individual rights and conscience while maintaining public order.

The Indian model, developed by the Constituent Assembly, takes a different path.

Indian secularism seeks to end religious discrimination, not atheism.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar said a secular state cannot force a religion on its citizens.

H.V. Kamath also claimed that India's secularism respects all religions.

Thus, Gandhi's Sarva Dharma Sambhav (respect for all religions) and Nehru's Dharma Nirpekshata (religious impartiality in government) dominated post-independence thought.

Independent India allowed religious freedom, separated the State from religious entities, and respected all faiths.

The reality is that Indian secularism has become state-sponsored minority favouritism and majority discrimination.

Political parties use secularism to promote religious groups for electoral benefit, deepening communal differences rather than promoting "unity in diversity."