How to handle that tantrum

Tantrums are outbursts of anger and frustration commonly seen in children between one and three years old.

- BY DR MARY JOSEPH MARRET

They happen when young children are upset, but do not have the words to communicate their feelings.

During a tantrum, a child may scream, cry loudly, stiffen the body, move the arms, kick, push, throw objects, lie on the floor or hold their breath.

Tantrums are a normal phase of growing up as children encounter new and unfamiliar experiences.

It is important to remember that toddlers do not have tantrums on purpose to annoy their parents.

They need guidance and support to learn how to manage strong emotions.

A tantrum could happen when a child does not get what they wish for, e.g. another child takes the toy that they want.

Children are more likely to have tantrums when they are hungry, tired or unwell.

Overstimulation of the senses with too much sound, lights or being in a crowded environment for a prolonged period can also trigger tantrums.

Here are some tips on how to cope and support toddlers through this phase:

> Establish routines, rules and limits

Having regular routines helps children know and accept that activities they enjoy and those they dislike are part of everyday life.

Have clear, simple, and reasonable rules and limits about what is allowed and not allowed.

It will take them a while to learn, so be consistent.

Praise them when they remember.

And remind them gently when they forget.

> Be a good role model