How to turn your 30s into a key wealth-building decade

Ensure EMIs are below one-third of income, review investments regularly to align with goals

- Anagh Pal

Reeparna Ghosh, 39, an IT professional from Kolkata, follows a three-step investment plan—building an emergency cushion, maintaining her lifestyle, and securing retirement. "I invest in shares and mutual funds and have bought some land for my long-term goals. I try to diversify my portfolio as much as possible. For my short-term goals I prefer putting my money into recurring deposits," she said.

Your 30s are a financial tightrope. Earnings grow, but so do responsibilities—building an emergency corpus, buying a home, starting a family, planning for education and marriage, and saving for retirement. This is the time to inculcate disciplined money habits and set clear goals to balance today's needs with tomorrow's security.

Here's how you can navigate key financial milestones in your 30s.

Emergency fund basics Having a rainy-day corpus is the first step toward financial resilience.

"Instead of keeping a lump sum lying idle in a savings account, I encourage them to layer their emergency fund," said Nehal Mota, co-founder & CEO, Finnovate, a wealth management firm.

A good rule is to save an emergency fund equal to six months of income or 12 months of expenses. No more than 50% of this should be kept in a savings account for immediate access.

About 25% can go into liquid or ultra-short-term funds with same-day or next-day redemption and minimal or no exit load, offering better yields without compromising safety. The rest can be allocated to short-duration debt and arbitrage funds, which may have exit loads if redeemed early.