DECRIMINALISATION AS SOLUTION TO DRUG ABUSE

Exploring Drug Addiction

- Dr Ruwan M Jayatunge MLD., PhD

Drug addiction is a complex condition that affects individuals physically and psychologically. To fully comprehend this condition, it is essential to examine the interplay of biological, environmental, and social influences that contribute to its onset and progression, as well as to inform effective treatment strategies.

Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disorder. Addiction is recognised as a complex and persistent condition that affects the brain, characterised by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences. This condition is not merely a matter of willpower or moral failing; rather, it involves significant alterations in brain structure and function, particularly in areas responsible for decision-making, impulse control, and emotional regulation.

The chronic nature of addiction means that individuals may experience cycles of relapse and recovery, often requiring ongoing treatment and support to manage their condition effectively. Understanding addiction as a brain disorder emphasises the need for a comprehensive approach to treatment, which may include behavioural therapies, medication, and support groups, all aimed at helping individuals regain control over their lives and reduce the risk of relapse.

Drug addiction is characterised by the compulsive use of substances despite harmful consequences, as noted by Hyman (2005). This complex condition arises from a multitude of factors, as highlighted by Shaghaghy et al. (2011). McLellan and his colleagues (2000) frame addiction as a disease of the brain, while Leshner (1997) describes it as a chronic and relapsing disorder that results from intricate interactions between biological predispositions and environmental influences.