SA and the AfCFTA: a strategic opportunity to lead continent's industrial future

THE African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA), launched in 2021, offers a once-in-a-generation opportunity to unite 54 nations into a thriving common market, igniting an African industrial revolution with the potential to echo across global trade systems.

- NOMVULA MABUZA

For South Africa, often regarded as the continent's economic engine, this is a pivotal moment to lead with intention, conviction and pride.

As global powers set their sights on Africa's critical mineral reserves, lithium, cobalt and a demographic advantage expected to represent nearly 40% of the world’s population by 2060, the AfCFTA provides a path toward prosperity on our own terms.

"Africa isn’t just rising; it’s ready to lead," declared IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva. This leadership, however, will depend not on rhetoric but on execution—on the collaborative efforts of private enterprise, public governance, youth innovation and policy clarity.

The global economy is in flux. Fragile supply chains, shifting alliances and the race for sustainable and digital industrialisation have left gaps that Africa is well-positioned to fill. The AfCFTA connects our fragmented markets, forming an economic bloc with a combined GDP of over US$3.4 trillion.

This isn’t just theoretical

The World Bank estimates that the AfCFTA could lift 30 million people out of extreme poverty and increase incomes across the continent by 7% by 2035. South Africa, with its minerals, manufacturing base, financial systems and technology ecosystem, is uniquely placed to drive this transformation—if we act with urgency and unity.

Yet, as with any ambitious journey, the road ahead is not without obstacles. Infrastructure remains a stubborn barrier. Port delays in Durban, underinvestment in rail freight and overburdened roads in Gauteng undermine our competitiveness.

Skills shortages further limit our readiness—too many South African youth remain locked out of opportunities in advanced manufacturing, green energy and digital industries.