India, Russia To Step Up Defence Cooperation

The most distinctive feature of India - Russia relationship is the shared trust between the two nations, which is based on a deep-rooted cultural connect and mutual respect for each other.

- Dr. Preeti D. Das

This sentiment has found itself reflected in the ageold phrase Hindi-Rusi Bhai-Bhai, used to describe the link between these two countries ever since an independent India exhibited a deep-seated inclination towards the USSR. During the early 90s, both the countries found themselves in the face of challenges with India in the midst of an economic crisis and the USSR faced with the trauma of disintegration. The two nations dealt with their problems with an open mind where India decided to embrace the liberalisation of its economy and the opening up of foreign investment while Russia dealt with its disintegration by restructuring its defence industries and took up the onerous task of restoring economic stability by exploring available opportunities and strategic partnerships.

The nature of defence relations between India and the USSR over the years has not followed a linear line and has been witnessing too many a turnarounds. During the early years, this relationship was characterised by the sale of military aircraft and engines like Ilyushin Il-14 transport aircraft, Mi-4 Helicopter and jet engines for India’s indigenous HF-24. Along with military equipment, the USSR also provided training in the handling of the sophisticated equipment received. This alliance, however, suffered a setback and signs of a visible straining of relations became evident due to a change in India’s “geo-political outlook” from the late 80s onwards, where it was trying to diversify its defence procurement policy, upgrading military technologies, diversification of equipment and military engagements with other countries. Some of the reasons that pushed India towards this policy were the irregular supply of spare parts and dissatisfaction over Russia’s ability to manipulate the Indian military and the Russians adopting a more pro-West approach.