10 Small Things Neurologists Wish You'd Do For Your Brain

Getting your eyes checked and flossing regularly are some ways to build your brain's defenses

- Mohana Ravindranath

NEW YORK - Small tweaks to your daily routine can go a long way towards protecting your body's control center and preventing cognitive decline down the road.

In fact, scientists believe that as many as 45 percent of dementia cases could be delayed or prevented with help from some simple, sometimes surprising, changes in behavior.

It is never too early or late to start, but time is of the essence when it comes to building your brain's defenses, especially since it is generally impossible to reverse brain damage once it has happened, said Dr. Eva Feldman, a professor of neurology at the University of Michigan's Neuroscience Institute.

Eight neurologists and neuroscientists share their best tips.

1. Wear a Helmet
Physically protecting your head is the single most important step you can take to safeguard your brain, experts said. Recurrent head trauma from traumatic brain injuries and concussions can lead to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which can worsen cognition overall and, in some cases, cause dementia.

Wearing a helmet during activities such as biking and skiing can significantly reduce the risk of injury, Dr. Feldman said. Motorcyclists should also always wear helmets, even if state laws do not require them.

2. Put in Earplugs When You Are Mowing the Lawn
Older people with hearing loss have a greater risk for developing dementia.

Scientists think it may be because the part of the brain that processes hearing is close to the part responsible for memory, or it could be a result of atrophy. People who have hearing loss tend to withdraw from social activities that could keep their minds engaged.

To protect your brain's ability to process sensory signals, use earplugs or noise-protection earmuffs when you are around loud sounds, said Dr. Elizabeth Bevins, a neurologist at UC San Diego Health.