Thyroid imbalance impact on organs

The hormone’s impacts beyond metabolism

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THYROID IMBALANCE AFFECTS not just metabolism, but other organs as well, one of them eyes.

Dr Uma Mallaiah, senior consultant, ophthalmology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, says: “Thyroid imbalance, particularly in Graves’ disease, can trigger inflammation and swelling in the tissues around the eyes. The immune system mistakenly targets the muscles and fat behind the eyeballs, causing puffiness, dryness, irritation and a feeling of pressure, leading to redness, excessive tearing, sensitivity to light and difficulty closing the eyes completely. In more advanced cases, the muscles that move the eyes become stiff, affecting coordination and causing double vision. The increased tissue volume can also push the eyes forward, creating the characteristic bulging appearance known as proptosis.

Even when thyroid hormone levels fluctuate mildly, these tissues can remain sensitised and react strongly, which is why some people experience eye symptoms early. The condition known as Thyroid Eye Disease develops independently of thyroid hormone levels and needs its own assessment and management. Early diagnosis helps limit complications and preserve long-term eye health.”

How serious can it get?