DETECTING CONCEALED WATER SPRINGS AND INTEGRATING GEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

A spring is a site on the earth's surface where groundwater flows out from an aquifer, resulting in a noticeable stream.

- By DR. (ENG) ANUSHA LALANI EDIRIWEERA - C00535 CHARTERED ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONAL OF IEPSL

This flow occurs due to variations in the hydraulic head elevation within the aquifer compared to the elevation of the land surface at the point of discharge. Gravity springs occur in unconfined conditions when the water table meets the land surface. They are referred to as descending springs as well. Artesian springs release water under pressure because of confined conditions within the aquifer below. They are also known as ascending or rising springs. The emergence of springs is primarily influenced by geomorphology and the geological structure. In many instances, the flow of groundwater into surface water bodies occurs below the level of the surface water and is not immediately visible.