Sir Creek and Adam's Bridge

With the recent military standoff between India and Pakistan following the Pahalgam terror attack on April 22 that claimed the lives of 26 people, the Indo-Pak border region with its long history of tensions is once again in the limelight.

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India is the seventh-largest nation in terms of land area in the world. It shares extensive land borders with seven countries across the northern, eastern, and western boundaries and maritime borders across the southern stretch in the Indian Ocean.

India-Pakistan Border

The border shared by India and Pakistan includes the 740 km-long Line of Control (LoC); and the International Border (IB), spanning roughly 2,400 km. The Line of Control (LoC) began as the Ceasefire Line in 1949 after the first India-Pakistan war. It was formally renamed as the LoC when India and Pakistan signed the Simla Agreement of 1972, following the Indo-Pak War of 1971. The LoC, the de facto border cutting through Kashmir, demarcating the Indian Administered part and the Pakistan Administered part, is one of the world's most militarised borders.

The Sir Creek line in the Rann of Kutch is a contested boundary.

India-China Border

India is separated from China by the Line of Actual Control (LAC), which demarcates the Chinese-controlled territories and the Indian-controlled ones. Since the 1962 Sino-Indian War, the ‘Aksai Chin’ area has remained a disputed region between India and China.