BUILT TO PROSPER

Top companies are increasingly being headed by people of Indian descent. What makes them so successful?

- by GABRIEL SNYDER

THE OLD JOKE WAS YOU COULD NOT BECOME A CEO in the U.S. if you are Indian," Eric Garcetti, then U.S. ambassador to India, remarked last year during an interview in New Delhi. "Now the joke is you cannot become a CEO in America if you are not Indian."

The stunning global business success of the Indian diaspora is no joking matter. Satya Nadella runs Microsoft, Sundar Pichai leads Google, Leena Nair heads Chanel, Raj Subramaniam pilots FedEx and, until last year, Laxman Narasimhan led Starbucks. All told, on this year's edition of the Fortune 500, 11 companies are led by CEOs with Indian heritage who oversee enterprises with a combined market cap of more than $6.5 trillion.

The transformation behind the joke's punchline was at first gradual, then sudden. Ramani Ayer became the first Indian-born CEO of a Fortune 500 company when he took the helm of The Hartford in 1997. Indra Nooyi's 2006 appointment at PepsiCo marked another milestone as she became the first Indian woman to lead a Fortune 100 company. By 2010, Ajay Banga's appointment at Mastercard established what would become a recognizable pattern. Today, executives like Nooyi and Banga (who transitioned to World Bank president in 2023) are often viewed as dean figures of the Indian CEO community, mentoring subsequent generations.

THE VANGUARD Top to bottom: Subramaniam (left)pictured with Wayfair CEO Niraj Shah-and Nooyi serve as mentors for the Indian business community.