Greed, poor leadership upend liberation dream

THIS year marks 31 years of South Africa's freedom from apartheid. The advent of democracy in 1994 was characterised by euphoria and ecstasy. This was expected, especially among those who had been excluded from voting.

- PROF. BHEKI MNGOMEZULU

The apartheid regime used its 'divide and rule' strategy through what it called the 'Tricameral Parliament' which somewhat accommodated coloureds and Indians through the House of Representatives and the House of Delegates. It was only in 1994 that all South Africans of voting age cast their votes.

There were high hopes and optimism about the future of post-apartheid South Africa. Among the anticipated changes were the creation of jobs, reduction and eventually ending of poverty, embracing racial equality, and many such developments.

In a way, those who held such high hopes were vindicated when Reconstruction and Development (RDP) houses were built to ensure that South Africans had their dignity restored. Many jobs were created in the construction industry.

On racial equality, all races were represented in parliament. Government policies such as Affirmative Action and Black Economic Empowerment were said to be geared towards ensuring racial equality. Phrases such as 'rainbow nation, 'nation building' and 'social cohesion' brought a glimmer of hope that South Africa was embarking on a new political trajectory.

Over three decades later, the question becomes: how far have we gone as a nation in realising the goals of freedom? In other words. To what extent has South Africa's political freedom improved the lives of her citizens? Importantly, which factors have contributed to either the acceleration or stagnation of progress in various areas of life? Lastly, what is the way forward?