Ramaphosa's tumultuous 2025

Diplomacy, domestic strains and a test of political authority underlined this year's presidency

- Lunga Mzangwe

President Cyril Ramaphosa's 2025 has unfolded as one of the most politically complex years of his presidency, defined by high-stakes diplomacy abroad and intensifying pressures at home.

From hosting a historic G20 summit to navigating disputes inside the Government of National Unity (GNU), Ramaphosa has spent much of the year asserting his authority in the face of growing challenges.

South Africa made history in November by hosting the G20 Summit, the first time the gathering was held on African soil.

Ramaphosa used the platform to position the continent at the centre of global economic debate, placing debt sustainability, climate adaptation, energy transitions and inclusive growth high on the agenda.

Despite months of preparation, the summit was overshadowed by a boycott from the United States.

President Donald Trump's administration declined to attend, raising concerns about the summit's legitimacy.

Ramaphosa, however, dismissed the impact of the boycott, insisting the meeting would continue with full integrity.

In a rare moment of political unity, EFF leader Julius Malema publicly praised Ramaphosa's handling of the summit and his refusal to bow to US pressure during a briefing at the party headquarters last week Thursday.