Threat of more tariffs hangs over countries negotiating trade deals

Governments around the world are racing to negotiate trade deals with the United States in order to forestall President Donald J. Trump's punishing tariffs, which could kick in July 9. But the discussions have been slowed because Mr. Trump has threatened to impose more tariffs even if those deals are in place.

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Mr. Trump announced what he refers to as “reciprocal tariffs” on April 8, saying they were in response to other countries’ unfair trading practices. But he agreed to pause those levies for 90 days to give countries time to reach trade deals with the United States. Some administration officials recently suggested that the deadline could be extended but Mr. Trump has signaled that he is ready to slap tariffs on countries he views as uncooperative.

“We have countries that are negotiating in good faith, but they should be aware that if we can’t get across the line because they are being recalcitrant, then we could spring back to the April 2 levels,” Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said in an interview with Bloomberg Television on Monday.

India, Vietnam, Japan, the European Union (EU), Malaysia and other governments have been working toward deals that could smooth relations with the United States and avoid double-digit tariffs. But the Trump administration has been moving forward with plans to impose another set of tariffs on certain industries that it views as essential to national security, a threat that has foreign leaders worried there could be more pain ahead.

These tariffs are dependent on the outcomes of trade investigations into lumber and timber, copper and critical minerals by the Commerce department, which are expected to be completed soon and submitted to the White House, according to people familiar with the matter. A determination that imports pose a national security threat would allow the president to issue tariffs on those products in the coming weeks. Investigations on pharmaceuticals, semiconductors and electronic devices are also proceeding and could be finished in time for tariffs as early as next month, the people said.