Each month of this 125th-anniversary year, COUNTRY LIFE illustrates a period in the development of the English great house. In the ninth of this 12-part series, John Goodall looks at developments during the Regency

ON October 5, 1826, Hermann, Prince of Pückler-Muskau, wrote from London to announce his safe arrival in England. The letter was one in a whole series written to his former wife over a period of three years that described a tour of England,

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The Prince, whose home lay in modern-day Saxony, had amicably divorced and was in search of a rich English bride whose fortune might mend his own. His letters reflect the cool detachment necessary to contemplate such a scheme, although he never carried it into effect. The result is an essentially admiring, but penetrating and occasionally unsparingportrait of English society and domestic life.

He quickly perceived that the driving force behind the social activities he observed, was 'not nobility, not wealth, but an entirely new power: Fashion-what he termed ton'a goddess who in England alone, reigns...with despotic and inexorable sway-though always represented to mortal eyes by a few clever usurpers of either sex.

One of those 'clever usurpers' was George IV, whose constitutional rule during the madness of his father, George III, from 1811-20, has bequeathed us the term 'Regency' to describe the Arts between about 1790 and 1830. He made fashionable, for example, the idea of serving dinner, the main meal of the day, in the evening, rather than at about 3pm. At a stroke, the Georgian dining room became a nighttime interior (Fig 1). He was also a keen advocate of the new household technologies that were transforming domestic life in this period, such as central heating, compact kitchen stoves and gas lighting.