COMMON POISONINGS: RECOGNITION, RESPONSE & PREVENTION

From accidental exposures in children to deliberate self-harm in adults, the spectrum of poisoning cases seen in Indian ICUs is vast and complex.

- Dr. Gunjan Chanchalani, Director, Critical Care Medicine, Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai Central

To prevent poisoning, store medications, cleaning agents, and pesticidesin clearly labeled, childproof containers, avoiding transfers into food or water containers to prevent accidental ingestion. Keep hazardous substances in locked cabinets, out of children's reach, as their curiosity drives oral exploration.

Schools should conduct safety drills and educate parents. Train farmers and industrial workers on safe pesticide handling, using protective gear, and ensure emergency kits are available at village health centers. Recognize depression signs early, offering counseling to prevent suicide attempts.

Hospitals should provide psychiatric evaluations post-poisoning. Public campaigns by media, NGOs, and healthcare providers should raise awareness, especially during festivals like Holi or monsoon seasons when poisonings spike.

Common Types of Poisonings in India

Household Poisoning: Children are often the unintended victims of household poisoning. Everyday cleaning agents like phenyl, bleach, toilet cleaners, insecticides, and even kerosene can turn deadly when accidentally ingested or mishandled. Many of these items are stored in unlabeled or recycled containers, increasing the risk of accidental consumption. Symptoms typically range from vomiting and abdominal pain to burns in the mouth and throat, difficulty in breathing, and unconsciousness. The lack of awareness about proper first aid, such as avoiding induced vomiting often worsens the outcome.