AI and loT Powered Batteries: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Prospects

With rising EV adoption, Al and IoT are crucial for optimising battery performance and ensuring lasting energy efficiency, writes Shrutika Godse, Senior Consultant, Growth Advisory, Aranca.

- Shrutika Godse

The electric vehicle (EV) industry is undergoing significant transformation, driven by advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and the Internet of Things (IoT). These technologies redefine EV battery management systems (BMS), optimise efficiency, enhance safety, and extend battery life. As India pushes towards its ambitious goal of achieving 30 per cent EV adoption by 2030, leveraging AI and IoT will be instrumental in ensuring sustainable and efficient battery solutions.

Growth of the EV market in India

The future of mobility is undeniably electric, and India is leading this transformative shift. As of 2024, the country's EV adoption has surpassed 5.6 million, marking a significant milestone, according to the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. Notably, two-wheelers dominated the market, accounting for approximately 60 per cent of total EV sales (~3.36 million units), while four-wheelers contributed around 2 per cent (~99,848 units), reflecting the evolving landscape of India's electric mobility sector.

A key component of the EV ecosystem is battery technology. Lithium-ion battery packs dominate the two-wheeler segment due to their high energy density, while lead-acid batteries are more common in three-wheelers. Recently, nickel-metal hybrid batteries have started gaining traction in four-wheelers due to their balance between energy density and cost. Government incentives, growing awareness of environmental sustainability, and increasing demand for clean energy solutions are propelling the EV market forward. Leading companies such as Exide Industries, Amara Raja Batteries, and Tata Power are investing heavily in next-generation battery technologies to support this evolving industry.

The Evolution of the EV Battery Market