Wet weather woes for pets

As the rainy season approaches, pawrents should be mindful about the increasing prevalence of leptospirosis and melioidosis, and how to protect dogs and cats from the diseases

- Kelvin Ho

Dogs are particularly at risk for leptospirosis and can be infected when they play in contaminated puddles and stagnant water. ST PHOTO: LIM YAOHUI

(LIM YAOHUI)

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by the bacterium Leptospira spp. that is present worldwide and affects animals and humans.

The bacteria is transmitted through water contaminated with infected animal urine, particularly from rodents. During heavy rainfall, contaminated puddles and standing water create increased exposure risks for pets.

Dogs are particularly at risk and can be infected when they play in puddles and stagnant water. The bacteria enters through small cuts and mucous membranes, or when pets drink contaminated water.

Cats can also become infected and, while they rarely show symptoms, may shed bacteria in their urine for extended periods.

Pet owners should monitor for these symptoms in their dogs, particularly if they go outdoors:

• Fever and lethargy

• Vomiting and diarrhoea

• Jaundice (yellowing of gums or eyes)

• Reduced or absent urination

• Loss of appetite

Without prompt veterinary treatment, the infection can rapidly progress to kidney failure and prove fatal.

Leptospirosis can also affect humans. People may get infected through direct contact with an environment contaminated with the urine of infected animals.

Clinical signs of leptospirosis in humans include fever, headache, decreased appetite, chills, muscle aches, vomiting, jaundice, red eyes, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and rash. Without treatment, leptospirosis may also be fatal in humans.