The eight milestones of our peoples' struggles

The spirit of nationalism that currently pervades all over the country can be traced to our centuries of history as a nation and as a people.

- Atty. Josephus B. Jimenez

The contemporary tremors in the nation's social, economic and political struggles are all symptomatic of what Dr. Jose Rizal called The Social Cancer of the nation, whose history can be divided into eight milestones. Those who ignore the painful lessons of history are doomed to repeat its many anguishes and deep injuries.

The first historical phase spanned from 22,000 BC to 1521 AD. To go back even farther to the past, archaeological evidence showed that homo luzonensis, relics of human remains were discovered to have existed in Luzon as early as 134,000 years ago. The earliest anatomically modern human bones were discovered in the Tabon Caves, Palawan dating 47,000 years ago. That period ended when Ferdinand Magellan "discovered" the Philippines in 1521. When the Spaniards landed in our country, they found that our people had existing government system