Climate-resilient gardening

Growing through a changing climate

- Sujal Chawathe

Across India, the rhythm of the seasons is no longer what it once was. Monsoons are erratic, summers are longer and harsher, and winters are increasingly unpredictable. For millions of Indians who garden - whether in small balconies, community spaces, or home courtyards these changes pose new challenges. Climate-resilient gardening is about adapting to these realities, creating gardens that thrive despite heatwaves, droughts, floods, and shifting weather patterns.

Understanding India's changing climate

India's diversity means that climate change affects regions differently. A climate-resilient Indian garden is one that can withstand this variability conserving water, nurturing biodiversity, and relying more on native species that have evolved to survive local extremes.

Begin with the soil

Healthy soil is India's most valuable but often neglected resource. Overuse of chemicals and compaction have degraded it in many areas. Start by enriching your garden soil with organic matter such as compost, cow dung, or leaf litter. These not only improve fertility but also help retain water a crucial advantage during dry spells. Mulching with coconut husk, sugarcane bagasse, or dry leaves keeps the soil cool and prevents moisture loss. Gardeners in arid regions like Rajasthan can also use drip irrigation combined with mulch to make every drop count.

Choose native and climate-tolerant plants

In India, native plants are naturally adapted to local weather extremes. They often require less water, resist pests, and support local pollinators. For example: